Teen Suicide: Practical Interventions for Adolescents in Crisis

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Díez Suárez, A., José Carballo, J., & Sánchez-Pina, C. (2023). About mental health and suicide in children and adolescents. Anales de pediatria, 98(6), 488–489. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anpede.2023.04.011

Dolsen, E. A., Byers, A. L., Flentje, A., Goulet, J. L., Jasuja, G. K., Lynch, K. E., Maguen, S., & Neylan, T. C. (2022). Sleep disturbance and suicide risk among sexual and gender minority people. Neurobiology of stress, 21, 100488. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ynstr.2022.100488

Drummond, D., & Coulet, A. (2022). Technical, Ethical, Legal, and Societal Challenges With Digital Twin Systems for the Management of Chronic Diseases in Children and Young People. Journal of medical Internet research, 24(10), e39698. https://doi.org/10.2196/39698

Heggdal, D., Borgejordet, S., & Fosse, R. (2022). "Existential Catastrophe Anxiety": Phenomenology of Fearful Emotions in a Subset of Service Users With Severe Mental Health Conditions. Frontiers in psychology, 13, 766149. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.766149

James, K. M., Balderrama-Durbin, C., Kobezak, H. M., Recchia, N., Foster, C. E., & Gibb, B. E. (2023). Dynamics of Affective Reactivity during Mother-Daughter Interactions: The Impact of Adolescent Non-Suicidal Self-Injury. Research on child and adolescent psychopathology, 51(5), 597–611. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-022-01011-2

Kirsch, M., Dimitrijevic, A., & Buchholz, M. B. (2022). "Death drive" scientifically reconsidered: Not a drive but a collection of trauma-induced auto-addictive diseases. Frontiers in psychology, 13, 941328. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.941328

Korczak, D. J., Westwell-Roper, C., & Sassi, R. (2023). Diagnosis and management of depression in adolescents. CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne, 195(21), E739–E746. https://doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.220966

Martínez, V., Jiménez-Molina, Á., & Gerber, M. M. (2023). Social contagion, violence, and suicide among adolescents. Current opinion in psychiatry, 36(3), 237–242. https://doi.org/10.1097/YCO.0000000000000858

Rudd, B. N., Davis, M., Doupnik, S., Ordorica, C., Marcus, S. C., & Beidas, R. S. (2022). Implementation Strategies Used and Reported in Brief Suicide Prevention Intervention Studies. JAMA psychiatry, 79(8), 829–831. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2022.1462

Sekhar, D. L., Batra, E., Schaefer, E. W., Walker-Harding, L. R., Pattison, K. L., Molinari, A., Rosen, P., Kraschnewski, J. L., & Waxmonsky, J. G. (2022). Adolescent Suicide Risk Screening: A Secondary Analysis of the SHIELD Randomized Clinical Trial. The Journal of pediatrics, 251, 172–177. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2022.07.036

Shilubane, H. N., Ruiter, R. A. C., Khoza, L. B., & van den Borne, B. H. W. (2023). Perspective on the Prevention of Suicide among School Learners by School Management. International journal of environmental research and public health, 20(10), 5856. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20105856

Wang, W., Guo, X., Kang, L., Zhang, N., Ma, S., Cheng, J., Fang, L., & Liu, Z. (2022). The Influence of Family-Related Factors on Suicide in Major Depression Patients. Frontiers in psychiatry, 13, 919610. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.919610

Peer-Reviewed Journal Article References:
Asarnow, J. R., Berk, M. S., & Baraff, L. J. (2009). Family Intervention for Suicide Prevention: A specialized emergency department intervention for suicidal youths. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 40(2), 118–125. 

Barnett, A. P., Molock, S. D., Nieves-Lugo, K., & Zea, M. C. (2019). Anti-LGBT victimization, fear of violence at school, and suicide risk among adolescents. Psychology of Sexual Orientation and Gender Diversity, 6(1), 88–95.

Berk, M. S. (2020). Dialectical behavior therapy with parents of youth at risk for suicide. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice.

Braun, M., Till, B., Pirkis, J., & Niederkrotenthaler, T. (2020). Suicide prevention videos developed by and for adolescents: A qualitative study. Crisis: The Journal of Crisis Intervention and Suicide Prevention. Advance online publication.

Buchman-Schmitt, J. M., Chiurliza, B., Chu, C., Michaels, M. S., & Joiner, T. E. (2014). Suicidality in adolescent populations: A review of the extant literature through the lens of the interpersonal theory of suicide. International Journal of Behavioral Consultation and Therapy, 9(3), 26–34.

Canetto, S. S., Antonelli, P., Ciccotti, A., Dettore, D., & Lamis, D. A. (2021). Suicidal as normal – A lesbian, gay, and bisexual youth script? Crisis: The Journal of Crisis Intervention and Suicide Prevention, 42(4), 292–300.

Capps, R. E., Michael, K. D., & Jameson, J. P. (2019). Lethal means and adolescent suicidal risk: An expansion of the peace protocol. Journal of Rural Mental Health, 43(1), 3–16.

Christensen, K., Hom, M. A., Stanley, I. H., & Joiner, T. E. (2021). Reasons for living and suicide attempts among young adults with lifetime suicide ideation. Crisis: The Journal of Crisis Intervention and Suicide Prevention, 42(3), 179–185.

Connor, J. J., & Rueter, M. A. (2006). Parent-child relationships as systems of support or risk for adolescent suicidality. Journal of Family Psychology, 20(1), 143–155. 

De Silva, S., Parker, A., Purcell, R., Callahan, P., Liu, P., & Hetrick, S. (2013). Mapping the evidence of prevention and intervention studies for suicidal and self-harming behaviors in young people. Crisis: The Journal of Crisis Intervention and Suicide Prevention, 34(4), 223–232. 

DeCou, C. R., & Lynch, S. M. (2018). Sexual orientation, gender, and attempted suicide among adolescent psychiatric inpatients. Psychological Services, 15(3), 363–369. 

Emery, A. A., Heath, N. L., & Rogers, M. (2017). Parents’ role in early adolescent self-injury: An application of self-determination theory. School Psychology Quarterly, 32(2), 199–211. 

Finan, L. J., Ohannessian, C. M., & Gordon, M. S. (2018). Trajectories of depressive symptoms from adolescence to emerging adulthood: The influence of parents, peers, and siblings. Developmental Psychology, 54(8), 1555–1567.

Flouri, E., & Buchanan, A. (2002). The protective role of parental involvement in adolescent suicide. Crisis: The Journal of Crisis Intervention and Suicide Prevention, 23(1), 17–22.

Fox, K. R., Harris, J. A., Wang, S. B., Millner, A. J., Deming, C. A., & Nock, M. K. (2020). Self-Injurious Thoughts and Behaviors Interview—Revised: Development, reliability, and validity. Psychological Assessment, 32(7), 677–689.

Franklin, J. C., Fox, K. R., Ribeiro, J. D., & Nock, M. K. (2017). Understanding the context of novel interventions for self-injurious thoughts and behaviors: A reply to Nielsen et al. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 85(8), 831–834.

Grosselli, L., Herzog, K., Aseltine, R. H., Balazs, J., Carli, V., Ciffone, J., De Leo, D., van der Feltz-Cornelis, C., Hawton, K., Hegerl, U., Kõlves, K., Kutcher, S., Mehlum, L., Niederkrotenthaler, T., Rezaeian, M., Renaud, J., Schneider, B., Lewitzka, U., Hoyer, J., & Knappe, S. (2021). Dos and don'ts in designing school-based awareness programs for suicide prevention: Results of a three-stage Delphi survey. Crisis: The Journal of Crisis Intervention and Suicide Prevention.

Guan, K., Fox, K. R., & Prinstein, M. J. (2012). Nonsuicidal self-injury as a time-invariant predictor of adolescent suicide ideation and attempts in a diverse community sample. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 80(5), 842–849. 

Herres, J., Shearer, A., Kodish, T., Kim, B., Wang, S. B., & Diamond, G. S. (2019). Differences in suicide risk severity among suicidal youth with anxiety disorders. Crisis: The Journal of Crisis Intervention and Suicide Prevention, 40(5), 333–339. 

Hill, R. M., Oosterhoff, B., & Kaplow, J. B. (2017). Prospective identification of adolescent suicide ideation using classification tree analysis: Models for community-based screening. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 85(7), 702–711.

Kaslow, N. J., & Gilman Aronson, S. (2004). Recommendations for Family Interventions Following a Suicide. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 35(3), 240–247. 

Kirchner, S., Till, B., Plöderl, M., & Niederkrotenthaler, T. (2021). It Gets Better videos for suicide prevention in LGBTIQ+ adolescents: Content analysis of German-language videos. Crisis: The Journal of Crisis Intervention and Suicide Prevention, 42(2), 92–99.

Levi-Belz, Y., & Feigelman, W. (2021). Pulling together—The protective role of belongingness for depression, suicidal ideation and behavior among suicide-bereaved individuals. Crisis: The Journal of Crisis Intervention and Suicide Prevention. Advance online publication.

Mackelprang, J. L., Karle, J., Reihl, K. M., & Cash, R. E. (G.). (2014). Suicide intervention skills: Graduate training and exposure to suicide among psychology trainees. Training and Education in Professional Psychology, 8(2), 136–142. 

Moskos, M. A., Achilles, J., & Gray, D. (2004). Adolescent Suicide Myths in the United States. Crisis: The Journal of Crisis Intervention and Suicide Prevention, 25(4), 176–182.

Nock, M. K., Prinstein, M. J., & Sterba, S. K. (2010). Revealing the form and function of self-injurious thoughts and behaviors: A real-time ecological assessment study among adolescents and young adults. Psychology of Violence, 1(S), 36–52.

O'Neill, J. C., Marraccini, M. E., Bledsoe, S. E., Knotek, S. E., & Tabori, A. V. (2020). Suicide postvention practices in schools: School psychologists’ experiences, training, and knowledge. School Psychology, 35(1), 61–71.

O'Reilly, L. M., Pettersson, E., Quinn, P. D., Klonsky, E. D., Lundström, S., Larsson, H., Lichtenstein, P., & D'Onofrio, B. M. (2020). The association between general childhood psychopathology and adolescent suicide attempt and self-harm: A prospective, population-based twin study. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 129(4), 364–375.

Reisner, S. L., Biello, K., Perry, N. S., Gamarel, K. E., & Mimiaga, M. J. (2014). A compensatory model of risk and resilience applied to adolescent sexual orientation disparities in nonsuicidal self-injury and suicide attempts. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 84(5), 545–556. 

Robinson, J., Cox, G., Malone, A., Williamson, M., Baldwin, G., Fletcher, K., & O'Brien, M. (2013). A systematic review of school-based interventions aimed at preventing, treating, and responding to suicide-related behavior in young people. Crisis: The Journal of Crisis Intervention and Suicide Prevention, 34(3), 164–182.

Schapir, L., Zalsman, G., Hasson-Ohayon, I., Gaziel, M., Morag-Yaffe, M., Sever, J., Weizman, A., & Shoval, G. (2016). Suicide, satisfaction with life, and insight capacity among adolescents with mental disorders: A preliminary study. Crisis: The Journal of Crisis Intervention and Suicide Prevention, 37(5), 347–352. 

Spirito, A. (1997). Family therapy techniques with adolescent suicide attempters. Crisis: The Journal of Crisis Intervention and Suicide Prevention, 18(3), 106–109.

Teismann, T., Paashaus, L., Siegmann, P., Nyhuis, P., Wolter, M., & Willutzki, U. (2019). Suicide attempters, suicide ideators, and non-ideators: Differences in protective factors. Crisis: The Journal of Crisis Intervention and Suicide Prevention, 40(4), 294–297.

Till, B., Wild, T. A., Arendt, F., Scherr, S., & Niederkrotenthaler, T. (2018). Associations of tabloid newspaper use with endorsement of suicide myths, suicide-related knowledge, and stigmatizing attitudes toward suicidal individuals. Crisis: The Journal of Crisis Intervention and Suicide Prevention, 39(6), 428–437.

Zisk, A., Abbott, C. H., Bounoua, N., Diamond, G. S., & Kobak, R. (2019). Parent–teen communication predicts treatment benefit for depressed and suicidal adolescents. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 87(12), 1137–1148.

Additional References:
Allan PhD, Robert; Get Control of Your Anger; McGrawHill: New York; 2006

Bell, Chastity Hope; Robinson III, Edward H. Shared Trauma in Counseling: Information and Implications for Counselors. Journal of Mental Health Counseling. Oct2013, Vol. 35 Issue 4, p310323. 14p. 1 Chart.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. CDC Recommendations for a Community Plan for the Prevention and Containment of Suicide Clusters. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Page last reviewed May 2001, p112.

Capuzzi, David, Professional School Counseling, Oct2002, Vol. 6, Issue 1

Everall, Robin D., Bostik, Katherine E., Paulson, Barbara L., Adolescence, Winter2005, Vol. 40, Issue 160

Fairchild PhD, Thomas N. (ed); Crisis Intervention for SchoolBased Helpers; Charles C. Thomas: Springfield, Illinois; 1986

Fowler, K., & Crosby, A. (2013). Investigation of a Youth Suicide Cluster in Kent and Sussex Counties – Delaware, 2012 Final Report. Division Of Violence Prevention National Center For Injury Prevention And Control Centers For Disease Control And Prevention.

Gould, Madelyn S.; Cross, Wendi; Pisani, Anthony R.; Munfakh, Jimmie Lou; Kleinman, Marjorie. Impact of Applied Suicide Intervention Skills Training on the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline. Suicide & LifeThreatening Behavior. Dec2013, Vol. 43 Issue 6, p676691. 16p. 4 Charts. DOI: 10.1111/sltb.12049.

Isaac, Michael; Elias, Brenda; Katz, Laurence Y.; ShayLee Belik; Deane, Frank P.; Enns, Murray W.; Sareen, Jitender; Gatekeeper Training as a Preventative Intervention for Suicide: A Systematic Review; Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, April 2009, Vol 54 Issue 4, p260

Lester PhD, David; The Cruelest Death – The Enigma of Adolescent Suicide; The Charles Press, Publishers: Philadelphia; 1993

Leveton M.A., Eva; Adolescent Crisis – Family Counseling  Approaches; Spring Publishing Company: New York; 1984

Li Kitts, Robert, Adolescence, Fall2005, Vol. 40, Issue 159

Manor, Iris, Vincent, Michel, Tyano, Sam, Adolescence, Summer2004, Vol. 39, Issue 154

Miller, David N.; Mazza, James J.; Eckert, Tanya L.; Suicide Prevention Programs in the Schools: A Review and Public Health Perspective; School Psychology Review, 2009, Vol 38 Issue 2, p168

National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Division of Violence Prevention; "Youth Suicide"; http://www.cdc.gov/ncipc/dvp/Suicide/youthsuicide.htm; 9/6/2007

Portes, Pedro R., Sandhu, Daya S., LongwellGrice, Robert, Adolescence, Winter2002, Vol. 37, Issue 148

Puture, Laura. H&HN: Reaching Out to Teens In Need. Hospitals & Health Networks. Mar2013, Vol. 87 Issue 3, p5353. 1p. 1 Color Photograph.

Rao, U., & Chen, L. A. (2009). Characteristics, correlates, and outcomes of childhood and adolescent depressive disorders. Dialogues in clinical neuroscience, 11(1), 45–62.

Rutter, Philip A., Behrendt, Andrew E., Adolescence, Summer2004, Vol. 39, Issue 154

Shamoo PhD, Tonia K. and Philip G. Patros PhD; Helping Your Child Cope with Depression and Suicidal Thoughts; Lexington Books: New York; 1990

Silenzio, Vincent M.B.; Duberstein, Paul R.; Tang, Wan; Lu, Naiji; Tu, Xin; Homan, Christopher M.; Connecting the invisible dots: Reaching lesbian, gay, and bisexual adolescents and young adults at risk for suicide through online social networks; Social Science & Medicine, August 2009, Vol 69 Issue 3, p469

Smith M.A., Judie; Coping with Suicide; The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc.: New York; 1990

Stanard, Rebecca Powell, Journal of Mental Health Counseling, Jul2000, Vol. 22, Issue 3

Sugg, Robert A. Counseling crisis. Armed Forces Journal. Mar2013, Vol. 150 Issue 7, p2433. 4p.

Van Ornum, William and John B. Mordock; Crisis Counseling with Children and Adolescents; Continuum: New York; 1990

Westmarland, Nicole; Alderson, Sue. The Health, Mental Health, and WellBeing Benefits of Rape Crisis Counseling. Journal of Interpersonal Violence. Nov2013, Vol. 28 Issue 17, p32653282. 18p. DOI: 10.1177/0886260513496899.

Zayas, Luis H., Kaplan, Carol, Turner, Sandra, Romano, Kathleen, GonzalezRamos, Gladys, Social Work, Jan2000, Vol. 45, Issue 1.