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Questions:
8.
According to Abramowitz, what did a cross-national study find to be the lifetime prevalence of Major Depressive Disorder, MDD, among OCD patients?
9.
What are four opportunities the OCD client, Bruce, was given because of the introduction of cognitive therapy before exposure and response prevention (ERP)?
10.
In the perfectionism, obsessive-compulsive personality disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder study, what scores were significantly higher in Groups 2 and 4, suggesting a stronger association with OCD?
11.
According to Storch's theory, how might peer victimization related compulsions develop?
12.
How does Hollander define impulsive and compulsive individuals?
13.
How do the symptoms of OCD tend to be somewhat different between the sexes?
14.
What are three different types of appraisal that play an important role in the persistence of repugnant obsessions?
15.
How does Purdon define avoidance?
16.
According to Purdon, what is important when treating religious obsessions?
17.
What four beliefs caused Mr. X’s obsessional thought to evoke enormous distress?
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Answers:
A. Four opportunities for the OCD client in cognitive therapy are (1) to establish rapport with his therapist, (2) to see that the therapist understood his OCD, (3) to understand his own symptoms better, and (4) to develop cognitive coping strategies to reduce his depressive symptoms and prepare himself for ERP exercises.
B. When treating religious obsessions, sensitivity to the client’s religious values is important. Treatment should focus on irrational and exaggerated concerns about the meaning of the thoughts, but not beliefs about religion itself.
C. Peer victimization related compulsions may develop through coincidental or perceived associations between performing a ritual and teasing related stimuli.
D. Three different types of appraisal that play an important role in the persistence of repugnant obsessions are overvalued appraisals of responsibility, thought–action fusion, and the importance of thought control.
E. Hollander states, impulsive individuals are seen as ‘risk seekers who try to maximize pleasure, arousal or gratification,' while compulsive individuals ‘attempt to avoid harm or reduce anxiety or discomfort, associated with the rituals.’
F. Four distressing beliefs are (1) that he would not be having the thought unless there was a part of him that wanted it to occur; (2) that the more he had the thought the more likely he was to lose control and act on it; (3) that the thought might be prophetic and (4) that even having the thought without acting on it was immoral, making him an immoral person.
G. Parental Expectations scores were significantly higher in Groups 2 and 4, suggesting a stronger association with OCD.
H. OCD differs between the sexes in that males tend to have more problems with ruminations, and females are more likely to be afflicted with cleanliness and checking rituals.
I. A cross-national study found that the lifetime prevalence of MDD among OCD patients ranged from 12.4% to 60.3% across seven countries (mean=29%).
J. Avoidanceis defined "any person, place, object, color, sensation, or situation you avoid in order to reduce the chance of having the obsession or to reduce the amount of distress you might feel if you were to have the obsession." |
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